Selenium Deficiency: What is Selenium Deficiency?

Understanding Selenium Deficiency: Causes and Symptoms

Selenium deficiency occurs when the body does not have enough selenium, an essential trace mineral, to function properly. There are several causes of selenium deficiency, including insufficient dietary intake, poor absorption, and increased demand. Inadequate dietary intake is the most common cause of selenium deficiency, especially in regions with low soil selenium levels. This is because plants obtain selenium from the soil, and if the soil is depleted of selenium, the plants grown in that region will also be low in selenium. Additionally, certain medical conditions, such as Crohn’s disease or celiac disease, can interfere with the absorption of selenium, leading to deficiency. Lastly, increased demand for selenium may occur during pregnancy, breastfeeding, or in individuals with certain health conditions, such as cancer or HIV/AIDS.

Symptoms of selenium deficiency can vary depending on the severity and duration of the deficiency. Mild selenium deficiency may not show any noticeable symptoms, while severe deficiency can lead to serious health problems. Some common symptoms of selenium deficiency include muscle weakness, fatigue, hair loss, and brittle nails. Selenium is a crucial component of the body’s antioxidant defense system, so deficiency can impair the body’s ability to neutralize free radicals and protect against oxidative damage. This can result in an increased risk of chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, certain types of cancer, and autoimmune disorders. Selenium deficiency has also been linked to thyroid dysfunction, as selenium plays a role in the synthesis and metabolism of thyroid hormones.

Don't Forget to Visit Our  ➜ SUPPLEMENT HUB ➜

Impact of Selenium Deficiency on Human Health

Selenium deficiency can have a significant impact on human health, affecting various systems and functions in the body. One of the most well-known consequences of selenium deficiency is Keshan disease, a type of heart disease that primarily affects children and women of childbearing age. Keshan disease is characterized by inflammation and necrosis of the heart muscle, leading to heart failure and potentially death. Selenium deficiency has also been associated with Kashin-Beck disease, a degenerative joint and bone disorder predominantly found in areas with low soil selenium levels. This condition can cause stunted growth, joint pain, and impaired motor function.

In addition to its role in heart health and bone development, selenium is essential for the proper functioning of the immune system. Selenium deficiency can weaken the immune response, making individuals more susceptible to infections and compromising their ability to fight off diseases. Furthermore, selenium is a vital nutrient for thyroid function, as it is necessary for the production and conversion of thyroid hormones. A deficiency in selenium can contribute to thyroid disorders, including hypothyroidism, which can lead to symptoms such as fatigue, weight gain, and depression.

Diagnosing and Treating Selenium Deficiency

Diagnosing selenium deficiency typically involves assessing the levels of selenium in the blood. The most common test used is the serum/plasma selenium concentration, which measures the amount of selenium circulating in the bloodstream. Normal levels of selenium in the blood range from 70 to 150 micrograms per liter. If the levels fall below this range, it indicates selenium deficiency. In some cases, additional tests may be performed to evaluate selenium status, such as measuring the levels of selenoproteins, which are proteins that require selenium for their proper function.

Treating selenium deficiency involves increasing the intake of selenium through diet or supplementation. The recommended dietary allowance (RDA) for selenium varies depending on age and gender, but generally ranges from 55 to 70 micrograms per day for adults. Good food sources of selenium include brazil nuts, seafood (such as tuna, shrimp, and halibut), eggs, and poultry. In cases where dietary intake is insufficient or absorption is compromised, selenium supplements may be recommended. It is important to note that excessive selenium intake can be toxic, so it is crucial to follow the recommended dosage and consult with a healthcare professional before starting any supplementation regimen. Regular monitoring of selenium levels is also recommended to ensure adequate intake and prevent toxicity.